ࡱ>    !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root EntryZ O2 !ՅCONTENTS "CompObjVSPELLINGt expensive and will insulate you well. It won t be harmed if you step on it or poke a hole in it and will last for several years. It is very light to carry, so if you want to backpack later, it can go with you. An inflatable air mattress is the next-step up. These can be heavy and are easily damaged and can go flat in the night. However, if you can keep from getting a hole in one, they are much more comfortable than a foam pad. There is an in-between inflatable pad used by backpackers that is very lightweight and tends to be more durable than a blow-up bed, but these can be very expensive. A final choice is a camping cot. These are lightweight and have a collapsible aluminum frame with nylon webbing or sheeting stretched over them, making a very comfortable bed off the ground. These can stand up to a lot of wear, provide storage space underneath and you won t get wet bedding if the tent floor leaks. Best of all, the fabric holds your pillow better and you won t shoot it across the tent when you lay down at night. After you decide on padding, you need to decide what to sleep in. The least expensive route is to use your bedding from home. This can be quite bulky to pack, but you have the advantage of knowing how cozy your blankets are and it will smell like home, which may help you sleep better. You can buy a sleeping bag, these come in many sizes, shapes and weights. Different bags have different insulation values, some you can sleep in when it is zero or below outside, some are only goCHNKWKS " TEXTTEXTFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPPFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCFDPCSTSHSTSHSTSHSTSH SYIDSYIDSGP SGP INK INK is the next-WHAT TO KNOW BEFORE YOU GO If you have never been camping before, you may have lots of questions and you may even be a little scared. That s okay, it s different from sleeping in your bed at home and most people are afraid when they encounter a new situation. Even if you are not worried a bit and are just really excited, it s a good idea to know what to expect and have a chance to plan ahead. This will help you decide what to pack, know how to help out and give you some ideas for things to do once you are all set up at camp. First of all, think about what you know already-do you like the outdoors? Can you swim? Do you like to hike? Can you skip rocks? Do you know some constellations, ghost stories or wildflowers? Are you interested in rocks or do you like bird watching? Camping can be lots of fun and it gives you a chance to be a little wild, stay up late, eat outside and use fire to cook with. You can snuggle into your bed and chat with your family or sing until the wee hours and then wake up and go for a swim. It s the ultimate sleep-over, there s always something to do! Before you ever head out to camp, you will need to do a few things to get ready. You should make sure you have the gear you need. For basic camping, you will need sleeping gear, a daypack or fanny pack, a water bottle or bladder, hand sanitizer, a small absorbent towel, tissue and a safety kit. In your safety kit you need a first aid kit, flashlight, rain poncho, a big trash bag and safety whistle. Sleeping: You do not want to lay directly on the tent floor or ground because the earth soaks up your body heat and will make you cold and sore, even in the summer, plus if the tent leaks, you will be soaked. There are many different beds you can use. Foam padding is the leasod for 50 degrees or warmer. The warmer the bag, meaning the lower the temperature you can use it in, the more toasty you will be. If it s July and the night-time temps are in the high 60 s, you don t want to be stuck with something rated for 20 degree weather. Bags are shaped differently, some are basically a blanket folded in half-a rectangle shape. These are good for people who like leg room and don t want to feel closed-in. They also zip together, so you can share body warmth with a friend or sibling who is camping with you. Or, stick your cold feet on them when they are just about asleep for some real fun. A mummy-style bag is narrow at the foot and is snug and usually they are rated for lower temps than a rectangle bag. These are nice when it is cold or if you like to be tucked in tight. You can achieve the same effect with a rectangle bag by scooting your legs to one side and tucking the extra material under you. For most basic warm weather camping, a rectangle-shaped bag rated to 40 degrees is adequate. You can add insulation by sleeping in a sweat suit and socks or bring along a second small blanket to put around you inside the bag. You can purchase a child-size bag if you are still really small or an adult-sized if you want room to grow. If your bag is too large, tuck the extra material under your legs, it won t harm the bag and it gives your feet a pillow. After you have your basic gear sorted, you will want to plan for what you will be doing on your specific camping trip. Packing: Where are you going to camp? Will it be in a public campground with a bathhouse and somewhere to ride your bike? Will it be in the woods or by a lake? What will the weather be like? Will you be hiking, swimming, fishing? Once you have more information about a specific camping trip, you can start packing your clothes. No matter how long you will be staying, pack for 4 days. That means 4 total changes of clothes, 4 sets of underwear and 4 pairs of clean socks in addition to what you will wear. Any less and you might run out, any more and you will run out-of room. You can do laundry half-way through the week if needed. Next, be sure you have 3 pairs of shoes. One for hiking and one for around the camp. Your camp shoes should slip on easily so you can run to the bathhouse in the middle of the night without having to stop and lace up, flip-flops will work or Crocs. If you will be swimming or wading in anything other than a swimming pool, bring a pair of water shoes as well-these can also be worn in the shower if you don t want to risk getting foot fungus. Don t use your camp shoes as water shoes, you will need them to remain dry. Your feet are your most vital hiking and camping asset, you want to always have on shoes to avoid banging a toe on a rock or root or cutting open your foot. In some places, it s not safe to get in the water with an open cut, and a foot infection can give you misery long after you miss out on the fun while camping and are back home. Bring two towels, one for swimming and one for bathing. You don t want to mix them up, so be sure you have two different colors. Always drape your towels on the clothesline at camp when they are damp and fold them on the foot of your bed when dry, so you are not stuck with a wet mess covered in leaves or sand when you are ready to go swim or shower again. Always bring a hooded jacket, even if it s July and 100 degrees outside. If you swim or shower at night, you can get chilly and it can be hard to warm up and get to sleep if you get cold. Sometimes it s cool in the mornings, especially after a night time rain. You need a hat, swim suit (and mask or goggles if you need those) and one extra pair of socks for your daypack-there is a separate list for everything else you might need for your daypack. That s all for most camping trips! Be sure you check the weather and ask your parents or the people you are going with if you need anything extra. Beyond Gear Man cannot live by bread alone and you can t go a whole week with just a few t-shirts to look at. You need stuff to do! This is where it gets fun and hard. You can t take all your stuff with you, but you don t want to die of boredom if it rains the whole time. Think about what you need-can you get to sleep without your favorite stuffed toy? Do you like to read? Should you bring your DS or will it get wrecked? Do you want to take pictures or write in your journal? Will you be fishing or biking? Flying a kite? Do you want binoculars or a bug house and hand lens? Do you need a hiking pole? What about games? Magnetic checkers are good in the car or tent, a deck of cards can liven up a long afternoon. A sketchbook and pencils can be used to draw nature, illustrate the way you nearly fell off a cliff, keep score for gin rummy or play hangman and tic tac toe. A set of dinosaurs or small cars can keep you or a younger sibling occupied at camp, building scenes or tracks using rocks, twigs, leaves and pinecones. Keep it together! Ask what you should pack your stuff in. Sometimes it s better to pack in a large plastic bin that can slide under your cot, especially if it will be rainy-that way your stuff won t get wet. A duffel bag can work well, just dig out what you need and leave it on the foot of your bed. Find out what you will be packing in and arrange your clothes like this: Pants and shorts in one stack Shirts in another stack Socks and underwear in the third stack. Put your swim gear and towel in their own bag so it s easy to grab and go. Put your toothbrush and toothpaste in a self-sealing bag, if you are camping without your family along, such as going with a friend, then also pack shampoo and other toiletries you may need, if you are going with your family, your parents will pack those items for everyone. Put your day pack on top, checking to be sure you have everything you need in there, and tuck your extras around the edges, making sure you have your camp and water shoes. Stuff your sleeping bag in either the sack that came with it or inside your pillowcase with your pillow. Your padding/cot will go next to that and you are set! Find out what you can about the area you are going-wildlife, ranger programs, hiking trails, waterfalls and so on. You can look in guide books, look online or talk to people who have been there before. Make a list of what you want to be sure to do. HELPFUL TIPS Double or triple your pillowcase, placing a used dryer sheet between each layer. This will give you a way to freshen up your pillow if it starts to smell like bug spray, smoke or unwashed hair and you can use the dirty case as a stuff sack for your dirty clothes. Use a mat on either side of your tent door to catch debris and hold your shoes. Keep your camp shoes inside the tent with you, but stand on the outside mat to take them off or put them on so your feet are clean and bare when you enter the tent. A small broom and dustpan is great to have along to keep your tent floor swept clean. Leaves, twigs, bugs, sand and small rocks can be real annoyances if they get in your bedding. If you forget your broom, you can take everything out a couple times during the week and tip the tent over and shake the debris out the door flap. It s worth the effort. A pair of light cotton gardening gloves are good to have along for a variety of reasons. Paired with a hand towel, they make good potholders in a pinch, you can wear them while handling firewood for extra protection from rough bark and splinters, use them while toasting food with a metal toasting stick and so on. Duct tape is great stuff. There are waterproof brands and different colors and so forth. You can use it to repair rips in the tent, in your daypack, to get you back to camp with a blown-out shoe, wrap around a broken tent pole, reinforce a twisted ankle (over your sock and only temporarily). You can put it over a spot in your shoe that is rubbing your foot, same for a strap on your pack that may be rubbing your shoulder. Buy the name brand, not a cheap substitute because it will dry and crumble over time. You can easily bring some along on the trail without carrying a whole roll by just wrapping a couple feet around a pen or an old 35 mm film canister. A dry erase board is a great item to have along, in fact, they are so useful, you may want more than one. A small board can be kept at the table or your main camp area and everyone can check in, say where they are going and the time expected back. You can use one to make out a menu, keep score for a game or jot down chores, play hangman and tic tac toe or draw caricatures of your fellow campers. Inside the tent, a larger board can act as a table for a card game, be a backdrop for making shadow puppets, or be a quick surface to hold bedding or clothing off the floor while you are cleaning up. A sock hat or toboggan is always good to have in your daypack. You can pop it on in the early mornings, use it to keep you snug at night while sleeping or after a swim. It can double as a pouch in warmer months if you find you need a safe storage spot in a hurry while out hiking or want to tuck a sandwich in there for some extra protection from squashing. EN ROUTE: Here we are, on the way! Check out where you are going on the map and offer to help navigate. If you have younger siblings, show them as you travel how far you have come and be sure to keep an eye out for towns with funny names. If you get bored in the car or have ants in your pants about getting there, try to distract yourself. Audio books are a great way to pass the time without getting carsick! You can get a family book and all listen or bring your headphones and player for some private relaxation. This is a great idea for around the camp and trying to get to sleep, too. A few audio-book ideas: Anne of Green Gables by L.M. Montgomery Artemis Fowl Series by E. Colfer Bridge to Terabithia by K. Paterson Hank the Cowdog by J. R. Ericson Holes by L. Sachar Little Women by L.M. Alcott Matilda by R. Dahl Old Yeller by F. Gipson Shiloh by P.R. Naylor Sounder by W. Armstrong The Graveyard Book, Stardust or Coraline by Neil Gaiman Any of the Brian Jacques books The Narnia books by C.S. Lewis The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings books by J.R.R. Tolkien The Harry Potter Series by J.K. Rowling The Bartimaeus Trilogy by J. Stroud The Neverending Story by M. Ende An in-car dvd player is wonderful for long rides and at the camp. It s fun to have a movie night and pile in to watch an old favorite during your trip. Many of the books suggested above have been made into movies, you could listen to the book on the way and watch the movie for family movie night. Boredom Busters: These are good for the ride as well as rainy days in camp or around the campfire. Before you leave home, walk around and write down a list of 20-30 random items on little strips of paper. Put these in a self-sealing bag. You can use these for several different games. Pull out any 5 and make up a story. Pull out one and start a story. Pass the bag to another person and they pull out one word and use it to continue the story and so on. Pull out a few words and use them in a commercial to describe your trip as though you were selling tickets for folks to come along. You can add to the fun by throwing in a few words no one knows the meaning of, like  fladoodle . Use your sketchpad to draw a random outline and make it a brand-new country. Add some features like mountains and lakes and streams. Put in a few roads to connect cities, decide where your farmland and sea port will be. Make up some laws, customs and legends. Maybe you can practice some camp songs, or play 20 questions, the Alphabet Game or play travel Bingo. Try to focus on the journey, look around and see how things are different as you go-new trees, different houses, funny signs and one-of-a-kind stores are all part of the adventure, telling you that you are somewhere new! Enjoy the ride! AT CAMP: You FINALLY arrive at the campground. Your parents check in at the office and get a campsite. You can take this time to use the bathroom and check out a map of the campground and stretch your legs a little. Once you are at your site, help get set up. Gather branches and pinecones from the site and put them in the fire pit. Help unload, offer to hold poles or hand out tent stakes. Don t leave your campsite without telling someone, even if it s just to the bathhouse or playground. Once the tent is up, offer to help set-up the inside. Don t go in and out of the tent, take your shoes off and go in barefoot, have someone hand in the bedding and clothing and you sort it out. If your parents have that covered, then see if you can help by setting up the kitchen area or cleaning trash out of the car. Offer to get the swim gear together or tie up the clothesline, set up the camp chairs or help with younger siblings. The faster the camp is set up, the sooner you can get to the fun stuff! AROUND CAMP: The first thing you should do is learn your site number and loop name or number. C-19 or Willow 4 will make all the difference if you get turned around later on and need a little help. Write it on a card and put it in your daypack. It s always better to be safe, plus if you leave your daypack at the lake or bathhouse, the ranger can return it if your site number is written inside. Take a walk with your family, check out where the bathhouse is, the playground and any hiking trailheads. There may be a beach, a camp store, boat rental, basketball court-campgrounds have all kinds of things to do. Get yourself oriented and check out any extras like the ranger station, nature center or recreation hall. Ask if there are games or sports equipment you can borrow or rent. Next, decide what you will do and when. You could do this on the way or even before you leave home. If you do plan ahead, be sure you leave some wiggle room in case the beach is closed or there is a new trail you really want to check out. Often it s best to wait until you arrive and see what is available before you plan out your time, sometimes things you want to do may be closed for repair or may be seasonal, like canoe rentals or a specific trail may be getting a refurbishment. Other times, something you did not know about will come up, the campground may have installed a waterslide or there may be a cool museum close-by that catches your eye. Make out your chore chart, if needed, assigning each family member to different tasks: trash patrol, firewood, chef or assistant chef and tent assistant. It s probably time now for making dinner and then getting some shut-eye! If you know you will be arriving at camp late, it s better-not to mention easier-to eat on the way. COOKING AT CAMP: Setting up the kitchen: You need 3 areas for your camp kitchen: prep area, cooking area and eating area. Don t store any food of any kind in the tent, keep it in a cooler and in plastic bins either in your vehicle or under the table if the campground allows. Your parents will no doubt (hopefully!) have meals planned, but here are a few ideas for cooking on the campfire that you may want to suggest during the planning stage. Remember being outdoors and getting extra exercise will make you more hungry, so plan lots of different foods. The Hobbits in Tolkien s story had first breakfast, second breakfast, elevenses, lunch, tea, dinner and supper! Now that s good planning! Of course you can make hot dogs and marshmallows, and you probably will. Once you have had them a few times, you may want some variation. Here are a couple new tricks you may want to try! Put a coat on that dog! Wrap your hot dog in a strip of dough. Use refrigerated bread stick dough or make your own by mixing: 6 cups flour 1 cup dry milk 1 cup shortening cup baking powder 1 teaspoon salt Mix well and put in self-sealing bag. Use a freezer bag, they are thicker. When you are at the campsite and ready to use it, mix 1/3 cup of water to every 2 cups of mix to make biscuit dough. (Add egg and another cup of water to make pancake batter the next morning.) Wrap the dough around in a spiral around the hot dog and bake over hot coals for 8-10 minutes. You can put a slice of cheese around the hot dog and then add the bread if you like. Try various ways with this-does it work better if you get the hot dog hot first? Stuff the marshmallows and chocolate from your S mores stash into a slit cut into a banana, wrap it in foil and put it in the coals until melted and gooey, about 5-10 minutes. When you tire of wieners and fluff, move on to new challenges such as: Foil Food! Using heavy-duty aluminum foil, make a pouch and put in stuff to make chili, baked beans or even meatloaf using the coals of the fire. Use tongs and oven mitts to handle packets and always place food on the shiny side and roll up the edges to make a good seal. 12-18 inches of foil will work best. If you are cooking on charcoal briquettes, you need to wrap your food as above, then add damp newspaper-3 layers is enough-and wrap once more in another layer of foil. Charcoal burns much hotter than wood and you need to take precautions so your food is not burned. Let the packets cool a bit before you open them, you can be badly burned by the steam! Campfire Chili: 1 pound ground meat 1 16 oz can chili beans 1 8 oz can tomato sauce chopped onion Mix together and pour into foil packet. If the meat is precooked, heat for 10-15 minutes, if raw, cook 30 minutes in the coals of the fire. Baked Beans You can use canned baked beans and just heat them up plain or add a few seasonings for a yummy side-dish for burgers or hot dogs. Or make it the whole meal by chopping up some hot dogs and adding them in the foil. 16 oz can baked beans chopped onion 1 teaspoon mustard 2 tablespoons ketchup 1 tablespoon brown sugar Mix and put in foil packet, bake 15 minutes in coals. Meatloaf 3 large onions 1 egg 1 pound ground meat Cut 3 large onions in half across the middle. Remove the middle, leaving a shell. Chop removed part of the onion, mix with ground meat and egg in a bag and stuff in onion shells. Wrap each shell and bake in coals 15 minutes. Vegetables: Bake potatoes faster by chopping them up and pre-seasoning with salt, pepper and cheese, wrap in foil and pop in the coals for 20-30 minutes. Mix canned veggies with fresh onion and a dry soup mix, add a little water and heat for 20 minutes. Peel back the husk on fresh corn and remove the silks. Replace husks and wrap in wet newspaper and then in foil. Cook for 15 minutes. Remove foil, paper and husks. Coat corn in butter, garlic, or onions and fresh herbs such as sage, basil or thyme. Wrap in foil again and heat through, about 5 minutes. Sweet endings: Apple Scatter: 1 apple, chopped cup raisins 1/8 cup chopped nuts 3 large marshmallows 1 teaspoon butter 1 tablespoon honey (or syrup) Mix and wrap in foil packet, heat in coals for 10 minutes. Cobbler: Foil, bowl, spoon 2 cups of berries washed and sorted c. honey Mix: c. brown sugar c. flour c. oatmeal tsp salt In a bowl. Lay the berries on the foil and top with the honey. Spoon mixture over the top of the berries and top that with chunks from cup ( stick) margarine Seal in the foil and bake on a grill over the coals for about 30 minutes. Orange Cake 1 orange per person Cake, brownie or muffin mix Slice the oranges in half and scoop out the pulp and eat it. Mix the batter, pour in enough to fill the orange shell. Wrap in foil and place in the coals for 20 minutes. Or, place them unwrapped on a grate over the coals. You can also mix eggs and cook them in an orange peel shell for breakfast, mix in a little salt, cheese and milk, fill the shells half way, cook for 10 minutes until the eggs set. Apple Yum You can make this on a stick or in foil. On a stick: cut the top and core out of an apple, toast until the skin bubbles, about 15 minutes. Roll in a mixture of cinnamon and white and brown sugar, toast again until it melts, about 2 minutes. Or core the apple, fill with butter, sugar, cinnamon and coat with brown sugar (mix with a little honey or butter if you need help getting it to stick) and wrap it in foil and roast it in the coals for 30 minutes. Drinks: Tea Sun Tea: There is a specific sun tea bag, even a glass jar to make it in that can be bought, but you can also just use regular family tea bags and a big pickle jar with a lid to make tea using the power of the sun. Fill a gallon-sized glass or clear plastic jar with water, add 4-5 family-sized tea bags and set it out in the sun for a couple of hours. When the tea is dark (strong) enough for you, squeeze out the bags and add sugar- southern style sweet tea calls for 2 cups per gallon-which can be too sweet for most folks, but you can add less to start with and do some taste-tests until it s right for you. Or Heat a kettle next to the fire or on the camp stove and pour the warm water over tea bags in a gallon jug and let them steep, or sit, for about 10 minutes. Remove the tea bags, add sugar and cold water and stir. Or Heat the kettle and pour hot water over tea bags in individual cups. Let steep and sweeten with honey or sugar. Add a little milk if you d like. Hot tea is a great way to relax before bedtime. Cocoa: Heat the kettle and make a cup from mix, topping with marshmallows or heat a pan of milk and add chocolate bar chunks to the warm milk and stir until melted. Building a campfire: You need a pit, wood, matches or lighter and kindling from the size of your little finger and up. We will assume for now there is a pre-designated fire pit at your site. Directions for making a no-trace fire platform are later in this book. You can usually buy wood at the campground office or store. Some enterprising locals set up wood piles in their yards just outside the campground entrance, check for these on your way in. Pre-cut logs are the easiest way to go about the business of having a fire. If you are left to your own devices for wood gathering, keep a few things in mind. First, never gather wood that is around poison oak or ivy. The oils can get in the smoke and coat your skin, giving you a head-to-toe rash, even getting inside your nose and mouth and around your eyes when you get a face full of smoke. Second, don t cut or break branches off living trees. This damages the trees and the wood will be  green or wet and will not burn easily. Pick all your wood up from the ground. Arrange the wood beside the fire pit in piles ranging from smallest to largest. Select a nice sturdy stick to use as a poker. Be sure it fits in your hand comfortably. You can use a pre-made fire starter or do it the old-fashioned way and heap up tiny twigs and small kindling to start your fire. Make a small pile of pine needles, shredded paper, tiny twigs or dried grass or lay down a starter cube or block. Around this, make a little teepee of dry twigs no larger than your little finger. Light the starter material, blowing on it if you need to. Keep your face out of the smoke and stay on your knees to keep your balance. As the twigs catch and begin to burn, layer a second teepee on top of it using even larger twigs and small branches. Keep feeding the fire, keeping it small, until it is going strong. Prop 3-4 larger pieces of wood about the size of your wrist around the fire in another teepee formation or stack them in an overlapping triangle around the fire and use your poker stick to push them in closer to burn. Keep adding larger pieces of wood until you have 2-3 good-sized logs going. In the backwoods, using no-trace camping (discussed in detail a bit later) use only wood up to the size of your wrist and don t use larger logs. But in a family campground with designated pits, this is fine to do. For a cooking fire, let the logs burn an hour until they are down to hot coals and low flames. For a warming fire, add wood as needed to keep a good flame going. To keep the smoke from  following you, stay back from the fire. Fire draws air from all directions. When you sit close to it, your body blocks the air flow, creating a vacuum, which draws the smoke toward you, filling in that gap. This is most obvious on nights when the air is still. It s drawn toward the largest object around, so sit near-but not too close-to a parent or older sibling! hehehe Around the campfire: There are many things to do around a campfire other than cooking (or while you are cooking). Some families like to sing, some like to play word games, some like a bit more action. Try a variety, you never know! Use your words in a bag to play a story game called  Fortunately/Unfortunately . Start a story, it can be a fairy tale or something you just make up. After setting the scene, which can be just a couple sentences, say,  Fortunately they had a (pull a word) and make up the rest of the sentence. Such as  Joe and Bob loved to hike. They would often head out for the whole day, climbing mountains and looking at the wildlife. One hiking trip, they discovered neither of them had brought any water. Fortunately they had a (draw card) drum with them. The next person continues the story, pulling out a word to make the story take a turn for the worse.  They walked along for a while until it started to rain. Unfortunately they forgot to bring a (draw card) jar of mustard. Go around until the story ends. You could have Cinderella go to a basketball game instead of the ball, Goldilocks could break microscopes and eat pairs of socks and sleep in cup holders. (no wonder she ran away!)  Murder is a great large-group game. There are several ways to play, the easiest is to get a deck of cards and pull out enough cards for each person and designate one card as the  murder card. Shuffle and have everyone draw a card and look at it. Sit around the fire in a circle and look around at each other. The person who drew the ace is the murderer. To murder someone, you must wink at them. If you get winked at, die dramatically and stay dead. If you think you know who the murderer is, you can guess but if you are wrong, you are dead. Another walking-around variation of Murder is to agree on a handshake such as shaking hands and stroking the palm of the victim with your finger while shaking. It has to be subtle. When you are given the  death shake you shake hands with 3 more people, then fall over dead. A third involves running around and is probably best for twilight play and away from the fire. Draw cards and hide-there is a murderer on the loose! Even the murderer runs off to hide. But, he sneaks around to locate his victims and once dead, you become his zombie helper. It gets harder to kill the last few survivors with a group of zombies tagging along! Play find the leader. No, this does not mean the organizer runs and hides (though it has happened before!) For this game, pick an IT and they stand in the middle of the fire circle so they can see each person, shutting their eyes for a moment while a  leader is silently chosen from the rest of the group seated. IT opens their eyes and starts watching everyone. Everyone else has to keep an eye on the leader without looking right at them or being obvious. The leader will make a movement-clap, wave, stomp, smile and nod, snap and so on. As SOON as anyone in the group picks up on it, they start doing it, too. IT has to try to guess where it began and if they are wrong, the leader must change actions. As soon as the leader is guessed, they become IT and a new leader is chosen. Old King Cole This one uses the nursery rhyme "Old King Cole was a merry old soul and a merry old soul was he." Players stand around the campfire, chairs back out of the way. One person starts the "Old King Cole" rhyme by saying "Old." The person to the right says "King" and the rhyme proceeds around the group with each person adding one word. The words "was a" and "and a" are grouped together. The person who says  was a or "and a" bends their knees and squats as they speak. While you are up, play a fast game of Lightening. Hold hands and one person squeezes the hand to the right, and they squeeze the next hand around and around, seeing how fast the chain reaction of squeezing can go. Be careful not to get too excited and squish a hand! Charades! Campfires are great places to play a game of Charades. Decide if you have enough people to work in teams or if you need to go solo. In teams, each team writes down several titles to songs, books, movies and jots down a few well-known quotes. Team A will draw from Team B s stack, acting out the words for their own team to guess. Solo version, you just think of a title or quote yourself and act it out. Each person keeps their own tally of points. Here is a quick rundown of generally-known gestures: To Indicate Categories: Book title: Unfold your hands as if they were a book. Movie title: Pretend to crank an old-fashioned movie camera. Play title: Pretend to pull the rope that opens a theater curtain. Quote or Phrase: Make quotation marks in the air with your fingers. Song title: Pretend to sing. TV show: Draw a rectangle to outline the TV screen. Other: Number of words in the title: Hold up the number of fingers. Which word you're working on: Hold up the number of fingers again. Number of syllables in the word: Lay the number of fingers on your arm. Which syllable you're working on: Lay the number of fingers on your arm again. Length of word: Part your hands a little distance for a small word, wider apart for a long word  Sounds like" Cup one hand behind an ear. "The entire concept:" sweep your arms through the air. "On the nose" : (for a correct guess) point at your nose with one hand, while pointing at the person with your other hand. Another campfire favorite is the Animal Game. Start with any animal that pops into your head.  Alligator The next person has to name an animal that begins with the last letter of the first animal.  Raccoon .  Newt  Tiger  Rhino!  Octopus  Salamander . Each answer must be different, though some fudging is allowed such as  eel and  electric eel or  tiger and  saber-toothed tiger . With younger kids who may need help, you can break into two teams and go back and forth. This game is best played once a night to avoid confusion-did you use earthworm a few turns ago or was it the previous game? You can do the same game with famous names,  William Shakespeare  Elvis Presley  Yoko Ono  Oscar the Grouch . Some people play a variation where you use the first letter of the second name, so  William Shakespeare would be followed with  Sigmund Freud . Another way to pass time on a group campout is to take turns telling stories and getting to know each other better. A couple topics that nearly everyone can come up with a tale to tell would be the story behind a scar or a  most embarrassing story. Ask adults about their first pet, a family vacation they remember or what they wanted to be when they grew up. Give everyone a chance to tell their  worst and best of the day or trip. If it s just your family along, get your parents to tell you about the day you were born, how they met, where they went for their honeymoon and so on. You may be surprised how much you don t know about your own history! BED TIME! After you are full and have cleaned up your cooking area, stored the food and doused or banked your fire, it s time for bed! Wash your face and hands when you brush your teeth at the bathhouse and change out of your smoky clothes and hang them on the clothesline to air. When you get to your bed, use a baby wipe to clean your feet off before sliding into your sleeping bag. You will be clean, dry and cozy, ready for a good night s sleep! If you have trouble falling asleep, think back over your day and what was the most fun. Think about what could have gone better and how you can avoid similar problems the next time. Think ahead of everything you will be doing the next day: hiking and swimming, maybe you will rent an inner tube and go down a nearby creek with your family or catch crawdads in a stream. You may go out in a canoe or hike to a place with a great view. Talk about the trip so far, ask everyone their favorite things that have happened. Be sure you can locate your flashlight in case of mid-night potty trips. Count sheep trying on hiking boots. Decide what color socks they are wearing. Listen to your audio book or some music with your headphones. Or just shut your eyes and listen to the sounds around you. Quiet talking, people walking past making the gravel rattle, the wind in the trees and the breathing of your family. You soon will drift off and wake up feeling excited about the new day and new adventures! Keep in mind nearly every campground has quiet hours, if a neighbor is keeping your family awake after hours, report them to the ranger or campground host. Be sure you observe the quiet hours yourself! ON THE TRAIL: Trail Snacks: GORP: Good old Raisins and Peanuts! A general mix of snacky goodness, raisins, nuts, M&Ms, corn chips, dried fruit and granola makes a great high-energy snack you can eat a handful at a time as you need a boost. Oat-based granola bars, low-salt whole wheat crackers, cheese (Cheddar is best for hiking), boiled eggs, beef jerky. Small self-sealing bag for wrapper trash. Take more food than you think you will need, you can always repack it for the next hike. Let s go over the list-you have your daypack, check. Your first aid kit? Check! Extra socks? Check! A small towel? Check! Water bottle? Check! Are your shoes comfortable and sturdy? Do you have on enough clothing to stay warm, enough layers to keep cool? Do you have your safety whistle and poncho? Are you wearing your hat? Do you need a bandana? Do you have snacks and your lunch? Do you have your water shoes? Poncho? Jacket? If it is a little chilly or damp, bring a sock hat. Okay! Sounds like you are set to go hiking! Get a map or good directions from the ranger, sign in at the trailhead if there is a sheet and take off. Be sure to pace yourself, it s awful to start out nearly running and end up exhausted on the way back! Stop often, drink and snack at least once an hour and remember to treat your feet well! Check for hot spots, these are spots on your feet that feel tender or look red from being rubbed against your shoe. You can usually fix these by adding another pair of socks or placing a band-aid or moleskin over the spot and tying your shoes tighter. Stopping and messing with your feet a few minutes can save the rest of the trip later. Hot spots WILL become blisters if you don t attend to them and a big wet blister is painful to walk on and once it pops, it can get infected very quickly. When crossing water, if you have to wade take your shoes and socks off, wear your water shoes to keep from hurting your feet on the rocks, then stop on the other side and dry your feet well using your small towel and put your socks and shoes back on. Don t cram your wet feet into your socks and head out, wet feet will swell, chap, turn white and peel inside your shoes. At best, it makes them smelly and a little sore, at worst, it will hobble you and you won t be able to walk. If you slip in with your walking shoes on, take them off, take off your socks and wring them out. Tie your shoes together and hang them from your pack and tuck your socks inside. Wear your water shoes until you get somewhere you can lay your shoes in the sun to dry or if you are close to camp, head back. It s not worth risking your feet to get to whatever you were hiking to see. Be careful around water while hiking and don t horse around. If you fall in and there is a strong current, you can be sucked under and held there or be tumbled against rocks downstream. The water can be shockingly cold and if you gasp and suck in water, you can drown or become sick from swallowing water with contaminates in it. Pay attention to your footing and save water play for another time. Purify! What if you run out of water while hiking? There are a couple of things you can do. If you have a filter or other means of purifying the water in streams, you can simply refill your bottle and keep going. If you have no way to clean the water, your companions can share their water. If there is danger, such as very hot temps, you need to head back to camp as soon as you start running low. If you are out and there is no way to clean your water source or to get back before serious damage will occur, find the cleanest and fastest-flowing water you can and fill up from there-the closer to the source of the stream, the better. There is a chance it will make you sick with diarrhea or vomiting later, but you should be back to camp or even home before that happens. There are medications that can kill the bacteria or critters making you sick, but you should only take this risk if there is no other way to get back to camp safely. You should have a filter system along on longer hikes and carry extra water on shorter hikes. 2 quarts is minimum for a hike, you can use a water bladder and that will spread the weight across your pack and make it easier to carry, plus the tube will ensure you sip often. You can use several methods to clean your drinking water. The most simple is to use iodine drops, available at any camping store. Follow the directions and then dose your water with a vitamin C-based drink such as lemonade or Tang. The vitamin C will kill the aftertaste of the iodine. There are small filter systems, even water bottles with built-in filters that will remove many contaminants. There are pen-shaped lights you can shine in your water bottle and kill everything that way. Check around, prices and effectiveness vary and you may find it easier to just carry extra water when you hike. FIRST AID After foot care, the most common camping ailment is trail rash, scrapes from falls or run-ins with plants. Your first aid kit should have: Band-aids in a couple sizes Gauze and tape or liquid bandages Neosporin Moleskin Small roll of duct tape-could be wrapped around a 35 mm film canister. Ace bandage Tylenol You should be able to clean a cut and apply a bandage, take care of your feet and be able to know if and when you need Tylenol for head or muscle aches. There are all minor, routine and vital on the trail. If you have a headache, drink at least quart of water at one rest stop and eat something before you resort to Tylenol. If your headache gets worse, tell someone and stop to rest at least half an hour in the shade and drink another quart of water. Dehydration is the number one butt-kicker for hikers. Keep drinking, eat your snacks, rest at least one 5 minute-break every hour. While you hike, your muscles produce lactic acid, which is then burned off. If you stop for 5 minutes or less, there is not a gap in the production and burning, any longer and you need to rest a full half hour so the acid flushes out to keep from getting sore from the lactic acid build-up. So a 5-minute break is considered perfection, any longer and you might be sore. Step One! To keep a good pace, try to time your breathing with your steps. If you can walk and talk, you are doing fine. If you are too out of breath to talk, you are walking too fast, you need to slow down. Try different breathing and walking rhythms such as taking 2 steps per inhale and 2 steps per exhale. Increase your speed if you can do so comfortably, but try to maintain the same breathing/walking rhythm, compensating some on hills. While hiking, practice a few different steps. The rest step allows you to rest while walking and is perfect for steep hills. Step up on your first leg-this uses your thigh muscles. Briefly lock your knee, this transfers your body weight from your muscles to your skeleton, allowing your muscles a moment to relax-you can do this for just a moment or for several seconds, depending on how much rest you need. Swing your second leg up and do the same, back and forth. This will save loads of energy going up a hill and you will not be as worn out. If you have to walk up a very steep hill, do not try to climb up more than 6 inches per step. If you are going down a very steep hill, tie your shoes tightly to avoid jamming your toes and try to walk slowly, going heel-down first. KEEP FOUND To avoid getting lost while out hiking, the easiest thing is to stay with your group. If you like to hike spread out, pick a spot on the map to meet up at ahead and stay on the trail. Always hike with someone, even if you are going ahead of the main group. If you come to a fork in the trail, wait there for the rest of your group. Don t pick a way, even with a sign, as some people like to switch the signs around. If you are leaving the main group to use the bathroom, be sure you tell someone and don t go too far off the trail. If you are exploring at a rest stop, keep your pack on and use your whistle if you get turned around. Stay put until someone comes for you, don t keep walking in what may be the wrong direction. If you get away from the group and really are lost, keep tooting your whistle 3 toots in a row a couple times a minute and take stock. Did you walk uphill to get where you are? Did you cross a stream-can you still hear the water? Did you see anything on the way, a dead tree or a big rock? Can you see it now? Which way was the sun when you headed out-was it in your eyes, behind you, to the left or right? If it s close to dark and you don t think you will be found, you need to get shelter. Look around where you are, just where you can see right there. Is there a place you can get out of the wind or damp? An overhanging rock or a cedar tree that is close to the ground? If you have to, move around some, you need a tree you can get under or a rock you can lay on. Take off your pack once you have found your safe spot. Pile up leaves, as high as you can, try to get the driest you can manage to find. Make a big nest, this is where you will sleep. You can put them right on a big flat rock or shove them under your tree. When you have a big pile, put on your jacket, open your pack and take out your poncho and your big trash bag. If it is raining or looks like rain, get in your poncho and tear a hole in the trash bag for your head and put that on, too. If not, just open the trash bag and put on your poncho, be sure to leave the hood on your head, wear your sock hat if you have one with you. Sit on the bag on your leaf pile and check your safety kit. Keep tooting your whistle 3 times in a row and check your food and water. You should have something to eat, it does not have to be much. Drink some water and get your flashlight out and put it in your pocket. Go use the bathroom and use a little water or some hand sanitizer to clean your hands. Take off your shoes and put on your extra socks, or put them on your hands if you are getting cold. Don t panic, keep thinking about how you got where you are, but don t set off in the dark to try to find your way back, even if you are certain you remember now. Settle into your nest, use your pack as a pillow, tuck your poncho around you, it will keep you warm. Use the trash bag as a blanket if you need to, it will help keep you warm and dry. Listen for people calling your name, chances are your family went to get the rangers to help look. It may take a little while, but they will find you. In the morning, get up and put away your poncho and trash bag and add some more leaves to your nest. Have a snack and drink some water. Use the bathroom and toot your whistle. If you are sure you can find your way back to the trail the next morning, start off by sighting in a straight line, walk to your target and check back to see where you came from, keep blowing your whistle. Keep doing this until you reach the trail or have gone as far as you think the trail should be, then turn around and sight from one point to the next back to where your nest is. Always wear your backpack, keep everything inside it unless it is on your body or in your pocket. Never take off your whistle. Stay there until you are found and don t wander, sit still and conserve energy, if you get cold, add more leaves to your nest, be sure you are not touching the ground when you sit on the pile and get in your poncho and trash bag. They will come find you. Camping in a primitive site: After you have camped at a state park or public campground a few times, your family may decide somewhere more primitive would be fun. Less crowds, cheaper or even free sites, more nature. Some primitive sites have a bathroom, most do not-or it will be a pit toilet or porta-potty. Showers will only have cold water-if there is a shower at all. None will have power, and there may or may not be a water source. You will need to check and see what there is available, if you have to bring in all your own water or treat the water, that is something to consider. Once you have picked where you are going, you will have to decide what to pack. The same rule applies, though you may need extra socks and underwear if going mid-week to wash will not be possible. Plan for the weather, bring your daypack and safety kit, along with the usual items to pack, you may need to add extra tarps to make a privacy curtain for washing up. If there is no shower at the campground, you can go without bathing, though your sleeping bag will reek, or you can make your own shower. Solar shower directions: You need 1 thick plastic bag Water to fill the bag 1 fork 1 stout stick 1 forked branch or other comfy area to hang it. Place the bag on the stick, fill with water and hang high enough to get under easily. When you are ready to shower, stand under the bag and poke it with the fork. May be primitive, but it s effective. To make this more effective, hop in the creek and get all wet, climb out and soap up, then rinse in the shower. Never bathe directly in creeks or lakes, even with biodegradable soap. It can damage the pH levels. Keep your shower area 200 feet from the water. To keep your sleeping bag a little cleaner, fold a sheet in half and either sew or use safety pins to make a long tube and close off one end to make a pocket. You can sleep inside this sheet and rinse it out during the week and hang it to dry or turn it inside out and hang it to air each morning. Keep your tent swept clean and wash your face, hands, feet and bottom with baby wipes before going to bed each night. Staying clean will keep you sane. If you are really going primitive and there is no campground, you will need to set up your campsite from scratch. Sometimes you will be camping at a trailhead, maybe to set off early the next morning on a long day hike. Sometimes you will be in a primitive campground that just has no designated sites, sometimes you will be hiking into a backcountry site, something just a step away from backpacking. You must first take into consideration how long you will be staying, then how much of an impact you will be making. If you are just camping to get on a trail early, throw your tent up in the parking area and crash for the night. No need for all the trimmings. If you are in a backcountry site for the weekend, you will need a camping area and a cooking area and a bathroom area. You can get away with not showering for a couple days. How to Pee in the Woods for Girls I have 2 methods for you-the one I have always used and the one I was taught by my hiking buddy. Method One: Find a downed log and sit with your rear sticking over the back of it-toilet style. I have been lucky enough to find a forked log that would support my rump and thighs at the same time. Or, lean with your rump against a tree. You can also rest your rump against the bumper of your car if that country road you are driving on gets too long and winding. However, this is a sure-fire way to see another car driving toward you, so pee fast. Method Two: Pull your panties/pants down to your knees-no further. Plant your feet wide enough apart to avoid the spray and give you balance, then squat. The aim here is to pee between your feet and a little back, just level with your heels. I had to practice in the shower until I got it right. Not exactly dinner-party conversation, but it beats hiking with a warm, wet sock. How to Poop in the Woods for either sex: Poop is a little more of an effort. First you need to dig a hole to bury the poop and paper. Be sure you use unscented and unbleached TP. No sense adding more  crap to the environment. Dig a hole deep enough to discourage animals from digging it back up-and make sure you are well away from any water sources and the trail itself. After you are finished, fill in the hole, use a disinfectant on your hands-I like the gel kind that evaporates-and it does not hurt to place a rock over the fresh pile of dirt. You can use cat-holes for bathrooms if it s a large area and you are there for 2-3 days with just your family. Simply dig a hole when you need to poop and cover it, pee on the ground away from camp, trails and water sources. Girls will need to bury or trash their tissue from peeing and may find it easier to just dig a cat hole for both peeing and pooping. If you will be in an area for several days or if there are many people in your group, dig a latrine. Cut away the topsoil and set off in a covered, shaded area such as under a bush. Assign someone to water it a couple times a day. Dig down a few feet and leave the shovel. As the hole is used, shovel a small amount of dirt back in the hole and at the end of the trip, fill in the rest of the hole, pour water in it, put back the topsoil and sod, water it all well and scatter leaves and pinecones over the site. BACKCOUNTRY KITCHEN If you are lucky, your site will have a table, if not, you can bring one from home or make use of rocks. Set up your cooking area, your prep area and your eating area. You will need a grey water hole to dispose of cooking water and wash water. Make this the same way you did the latrine, remove the sod and topsoil, dig down a few feet and pour your cooled cooking water and wash water into the hole. Use very small amounts of biodegradable soap or no soap at all to wash. If you use hot water, the dishes will be clean even without soap. When it s time to go, fill it in, replace the topsoil and sod and water well, scatter with natural debris. FIREPLACE If there is a fire ring, use it. If not, and if fires are allowed, use the mound fire method. Clear a patch of ground of all debris. Put down a tarp or plastic bag as a barrier, heap it with mineral soil taken from a site, preferably that does not require digging such as under an uprooted tree or a creek bed. Use a second plastic bag or small tarp to carry the soil. Build the fire on this mound, burning all the wood you collect. When you are ready to leave, douse it and stir until the ashes are cool when you hold your hand over it. Don t actually touch the ashes, water and ash mixed makes lye, which can give a nasty chemical burn. Use the shovel to scatter the ashes all around a wide area. Return the mineral soil and shake out the tarp or plastic bag barrier and take it with you. Getting ready So, you are all fired up to go hiking and camping, but it s freezing outdoors and your mom says she s loves you, but she is NOT going to sleep outside until it s warmer. What can you do to pass the time that will help you get ready to go? Read up What interests you most about being outdoors? Do you want to know more about birds or do you want to see the views? Check out some books from your library on the subject that interests you most. Learn a few constellations or an old legend about the places you want to see most. Look up the history of a park, when was it built, who lived there before that, what is special about it? Buff up Take walks and ride your bike, get your body and especially your feet inside your hiking shoes ready to work. Carry a loaded pack around your neighborhood, fiddle with your contents until you have a workable load and have figured out the best way to pack everything. Make stuff Using a paper egg carton, fill each cup with dryer lint, cedar shavings, pine straw, shredded paper or small twigs. Melt wax-either from old crayons or from a block you can buy at the grocery store used in canning. Wax can be REALLY hot, so be sure you have someone nearby who can help you. Don t melt the wax directly on the eye in a pot. Put it in a small pot, fill a larger pot with water-about 1/3 full-and  float the wax pot on top of the heating water. This will keep it from scorching to the bottom of the pan and smelling horrible. Pour enough wax into each cup to hold everything together. When it s dry, cut or rip apart each cup and you have fire starters. Think up other things you can work on for around the camp, like making a camp journal or start a scrapbook so it s ready to add photos and memories when you get back. Plan it Look up information on websites about where you would like to camp, find driving directions, work out a budget based on gas and campsite site prices. See if you can make advanced reservations. Make a menu and a grocery list and budget your grocery trip. Price any gear you still need and check for sales in store and online. Look at your local paper to see if anyone is selling their old gear. Join up Talk to your parents about joining a local Sierra Club or other hiking group. See if any of your friends are interested in joining you for local hikes. You may be able to practice camping in your yard or at a friend s house. Many hiking clubs offer family hikes along with longer day hikes and even overnight backpacking trips that you can join in on when you are ready. Pre-Cook Try out some recipes, using your oven instead of hot coals and practice cooking on your camp stove. It s better to find out you don t like a particular food or that the stove tends to go out on low at home when you have time and alternatives. This also gives you a chance to see how much extra gear you will need such as spatulas, if you can use a plastic serving spoon or do you need metal, are your pots too large or small for the stove and so on. It s a good chance to see how much scrub power you will need to clean the pots afterward as well. Something many campers and backpackers do is paint the bottoms (outside) of their camping cookware black using high-heat paint. This helps water heat faster and distributes heat more evenly. Practice First Aid The best time to try out some first aid techniques are when no one really needs them. Make it a game by writing down some common injuries (the kind you have had several times just around home) on cards and drawing them, taking turns describing what you should do. If you mainly answer,  Call for mom then its time to brush up on some skills! Throw in a few gross injuries, like a broken bone protruding through the skin, a good old-fashioned branch-in-the-eye poke, a twisted ankle 3 miles from camp, and the toes are going blue. You may have to deal with some unpleasant surprises, it s best to have a some idea of what to expect as not freaking out is a major plus. Camp at home It may seem lame, but it s good practice, too. Learn how to set up the tent, work the lantern and camp stove and get a better idea of what you need to get through the night comfortably. After you have practiced camping, you can- Make a list Some people (like myself) find making a list a calming activity. It fills in some time, keeps you focused on what you want or need to do and you can go over it when it s time to pack and head off feeling assured you have not forgotten something. Here is a sample of my own list: Tent, poles, stakes and ground cloth Rain fly Sleeping bags Sleeping pads Pillows Stove Cooking kit with pots, pans, utensils and cleaners Tea kettle Gallon-sized pitcher Cooler and food boxes Lantern and extra mantles Extra fuel Rain gear Daypacks Water bottles Flashlights Camp chairs Folding knife Multi-tool First aid kit Sunscreen Bug spray Plastic trash bags Duct tape Fire grill Matches Folding shovel 100 feet of rope Bungee cords Work gloves Last Words: You will probably learn first-hand what an annoyance loud camping neighbors can be. Make an effort to keep the noise down in your site. If you choose to stay up late around the fire, be aware that other people are choosing to sleep and should be allowed that privilege. Some people wait all year for that one week off in the woods, let them enjoy their time too! best time to try out some first aid techniques are when no one really needs them. Make it a game by writing down someS680202 02 b#d#*%,%x&&&''(()),11336688B;D;\;p=r=@@pCrCtCChFF$GGGLL|N~NPPRR^U`UW[]]2`aaddd~ffJiSJiLilVmmm@pBpdpfp q&ruuwwhzjzlz~zz&|(|\~^~ʁ́\^z|PRTVxzؓړ֕ؕTVn֘*,46Z\Ԥ$BD S 8X~ܨިJLN`~Z\|~~(Jfް(*Vl|~ĴĶƶ.0DF,.ڻܻxVXZ\N8:`b68TV\^PRprt"&Xfj\"   d "$&:<Z\4 6 8 T | ""B%D%' " "" S''**..b5d58888;;??"B$BfDhDFFFFHHHHHDI\IlInIKK M MNNQQQQTTTXZZZ^^^_``ccxdii"l$lDoFoppr r>s@sttxxzzzzh|j|XZ68R8LNtv `bЎҎ>@HJbdؖږܙޙ24<> "JL<>hj~npưȰʰ̰ΰDβв,tvxƾȾ7 \^ NP8:<.: @Vj*>dx*,  (2"'( ) @S '6 02*%,%&&'(B;\;tCC~NNddBpdplz~z^vPT4ZzDZN`~n^^*4 "" $  084 "PS" $  08 "PS" ," $  082 "PS" $  084 "PS" $  082~$ƶ.0Dܻx|\bhPRnpt"<&Ff88fffff. "PS" $ 084 "PS" $  084 "PS" $  082 "PS" $  08+FHXj@\x$>`vp:6 | 88FFQQTTZZzzNfffffffff24 "PS"$  084 "PS" $  082 "PS" $  084 "PS" $  08`b<>@npDFJbؔܔ*(,֖j<j<j<jjjj4 "PS" $  084 "PS"$  084 "PS"$  08. "PS" $ 082 "PS" $  082 "PS"$  082 "PS"$  08)֖ږޙ.02 .<"Jj~ΰв,Ⱦ־   Ph<Rh4hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh4 "PS" $  084 "PS"$  082 "PS" $  084 "PS"$  082 "PS"$  08 z* n:0 " 4 "PS" $  08. "PS"$ 082 "PS"$  082 "PS" $  08ڞDJjpv(Fl List ContentsDefinition TermDefinition ListH1H2H3H4H5H6Address Blockquote Preformattedz-Bottom of Form z-Top of Form" 6@PZjt     ~&z " " " "m~ " "PS  "  " " " "|  ""| "  "|" "  "" " " "  "" "  "" "  ""  "  "|"|, "$  08)P2J' (@ J   O +%( u.0 78 c A@ (VJH SP \. " $  08u. " $  08uttJi '8~F֖r4FVTimes New RomanSymbolArial Courier New " " "XXN)N_!hp psc 1310 series,!CdXXDINU"P]>SMTJhp psc 1310 seriesInputBinFORMSOURCERESDLLUniresDLLHPPreAnalysisFalseMSPreAnalysisFalseHPReportSymmetricMarginsFalseHPAlignMarginsForMDTrueHPPrintPreviewTrueHPOverSprayOptionAutomaticHPOverSpray100HPBorderLessPhotoFalseHPBorderLessAutoFitFalseHPMinimizeMarginsFalsePaperSizeLETTEROrientationPORTRAITHPNUseDiffFirstPageChoiceTrueHPDryTimeOptionAutomaticHPDryTime0HPInkVolumeOptionAutomaticHPInkVolumeNormalHPPrintInGrayScaleFalsePrintQualityNormalPrintQualityGroupPQGroup_2HPColorModeCOLOR_MODEHPPDLTypePDL_PCL3HPPosterPrintingFalseHPPosterPrintingOptionPOSTER_2ColorModeColor24TextAsBlackFalseMediaTypePLAINResolution600dpiPQDPIInstalledHPMirrorPrintFalseHPPrintOnBothSidesManuallyFalseHPManualDuplexDialogItemsInstructionID_01_FACEUP-NOROTATEHPManualDuplexPageRotateUserRotateHPManualFeedOrientationFACEUPHPOutputBinOrientationFACEUPHPManualDuplexDialogModelModalHPManualDuplexPageOrderOddPagesFirstHPMapManualFeedToTray1FalsePSAlignmentFileHPZlAlhnPSServicesOptionHPServiceFileNameEndHPCleaningFilesDataHP_Clean_TestPageHPMediaTypeTreeviewPopupTrueHPConsumerCustomPaperHPCustomHPBornOnDateHPBODHPRESDLLNameHPFRES50HPRedEyeReductionOnHPDigitalImagingHPHomePrintingHPSmartFocusOnHPContrastOffHPDigitalFlashOffHPSharpnessOffHPSmoothingOffHPJpegPngPassthroughTrueHPHTDLLNameHPFIGlhnHPMHDLLNameHPFIME50HPAdvancedColorSettingTrueHPCRDCommandTrueHPSendUnitMeasureCommandTRUEHPCustomSizeCommandTRUEHPXMLFileUsedhpo1310t.xmlPIUPHdLetter o [none] [none]Arial4Pd?ESTHER<Automatic>R 44600dpidMicrosoft Works Word ProcessorType new Quick Set name herexB xB tI {C m uD WksWP.exeC:\Program Files\Microsoft Works\WksWP.exe$winspoolhp psc 1310 seriesUSB001F"\""V"$c"` "`""A."@"\""V"$c"` "`"."camping 101.wps"p"p (" Courier New " "BTEPPLC HBTECPLC @FONTFONTNSTRSPLC :PRNTWNPR"FRAMFRAMTITLTITL~ DOP DOP  Z O2Quill96 Story Group Class9qy&y&y&&.y&.&4y&4&44y&:4&X4y&^4&4y&4&5y&5&5y&5&9y&9&Iy&I&)my&/m|5y|5|9y|9|Iy|I|)my|/m{|y|